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Chapter 01
The Scientific Method
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What distinguishes the scientific method from other
ways of looking at the natural world is
A. the eternal truth of its laws and theories.
B. its replacement of existing laws and theories at regular intervals.
C. its reliance on the opinions of expert scientists to decide which laws and theories to believe.
D. its reliance on experiment and observation.
A. the eternal truth of its laws and theories.
B. its replacement of existing laws and theories at regular intervals.
C. its reliance on the opinions of expert scientists to decide which laws and theories to believe.
D. its reliance on experiment and observation.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.02
Topic: Scientific Method
2. A regularity in observed data or a relationship
between different quantities is usually called a
A. hypothesis.
B. law.
C. theory.
D. model.
A. hypothesis.
B. law.
C. theory.
D. model.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.01
Topic: Scientific Method
3. When first proposed, a scientific idea is usually
called a
A. hypothesis.
B. law.
C. theory.
D. model.
A. hypothesis.
B. law.
C. theory.
D. model.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.01
Topic: Scientific Method
4. Scientific theories
A. must be constantly reviewed to see whether they are in accord with new experimental observations.
B. represent guesses that have not yet been compared with observational data.
C. are summaries of particular experiments.
D. are laws of nature not subject to revision.
A. must be constantly reviewed to see whether they are in accord with new experimental observations.
B. represent guesses that have not yet been compared with observational data.
C. are summaries of particular experiments.
D. are laws of nature not subject to revision.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.01
Topic: Scientific Method
5. Living things
A. were created as they are today several thousand years ago.
B. were created as they are today several billion years ago.
C. were created several thousand years ago and have evolved since then.
D. have evolved throughout the earth's history.
A. were created as they are today several thousand years ago.
B. were created as they are today several billion years ago.
C. were created several thousand years ago and have evolved since then.
D. have evolved throughout the earth's history.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.02
Topic: Evolution
6. The object in the sky that lies very nearly on an
extension of the earth's axis is
A. the sun.
B. the moon.
C. Mercury.
D. Polaris.
A. the sun.
B. the moon.
C. Mercury.
D. Polaris.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.03
Topic: The Night Sky
7. The stars in a constellation
A. are about the same age.
B. are about the same distance from the earth.
C. form a pattern in the sky as seen from the earth.
D. are members of the solar system.
A. are about the same age.
B. are about the same distance from the earth.
C. form a pattern in the sky as seen from the earth.
D. are members of the solar system.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 01.04
Section: 01.03
Topic: Constellation
8. The time at which a given star rises above the
horizon each night is
A. earlier than the night before.
B. the same as the night before.
C. later than the night before.
D. Any of the choices, depending on which star is involved.
A. earlier than the night before.
B. the same as the night before.
C. later than the night before.
D. Any of the choices, depending on which star is involved.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.03
Topic: The Night Sky
9. Relative to the stars, the moon seems to move
A. northward.
B. southward.
C. eastward.
D. westward.
A. northward.
B. southward.
C. eastward.
D. westward.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.03
Topic: The Night Sky
10. A year is the time needed for
A. the sun to drift completely around the sky.
B. the moon to drift completely around the sky.
C. the earth to turn completely on its axis.
D. None of the choices are correct.
A. the sun to drift completely around the sky.
B. the moon to drift completely around the sky.
C. the earth to turn completely on its axis.
D. None of the choices are correct.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.03
Topic: Cycles of the Sky
11. A week is the time needed for
A. the sun to drift completely around the sky.
B. the moon to drift completely around the sky.
C. the earth to turn completely on its axis.
D. None of the choices are correct.
A. the sun to drift completely around the sky.
B. the moon to drift completely around the sky.
C. the earth to turn completely on its axis.
D. None of the choices are correct.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.03
Topic: Cycles of the Sky
12. A day is the time needed for
A. the sun to drift completely around the sky.
B. the moon to drift completely around the sky.
C. the earth to turn completely on its axis.
D. None of the choices are correct.
A. the sun to drift completely around the sky.
B. the moon to drift completely around the sky.
C. the earth to turn completely on its axis.
D. None of the choices are correct.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.05
Topic: Cycles of the Sky
13. The length of the year is
A. less than 365 days.
B. exactly 365 days.
C. more than 365 days.
D. Any of the above choices, depending on the year.
A. less than 365 days.
B. exactly 365 days.
C. more than 365 days.
D. Any of the above choices, depending on the year.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.05
Topic: Cycles of the Sky
14. A planet that cannot be seen with the unaided eye
is
A. Neptune.
B. Jupiter.
C. Mars.
D. Mercury.
A. Neptune.
B. Jupiter.
C. Mars.
D. Mercury.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 01.08
Section: 01.03
Topic: Solar System
15. Arrange the following planets in the order of
their distance from the sun.
1. Venus
2. Mars
3. Earth
4. Mercury
A. 4, 1, 3, 2
B. 1, 4, 3, 2
C. 2, 3, 1, 4
D. 3, 2, 4, 1
1. Venus
2. Mars
3. Earth
4. Mercury
A. 4, 1, 3, 2
B. 1, 4, 3, 2
C. 2, 3, 1, 4
D. 3, 2, 4, 1
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 01.08
Section: 01.05
Topic: Solar System
16. In which one or more of the following is the earth
assumed to be the center of the universe?
A. The Ptolemaic system.
B. The Copernican system.
C. Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
D. Newton's law of gravity.
A. The Ptolemaic system.
B. The Copernican system.
C. Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
D. Newton's law of gravity.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 01.07
Section: 01.04
Topic: History of Astronomy
17. The discovery that the planetary orbits are
ellipses rather than circles was made by
A. Ptolemy.
B. Copernicus.
C. Kepler.
D. Newton.
A. Ptolemy.
B. Copernicus.
C. Kepler.
D. Newton.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.06
Topic: History of Astronomy
18. Kepler modified
A. the Ptolemaic system.
B. the Copernican system.
C. Newton's law of gravity.
D. the theory of the tides.
A. the Ptolemaic system.
B. the Copernican system.
C. Newton's law of gravity.
D. the theory of the tides.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.06
Topic: History of Astronomy
19. The period of the earth's orbit around the sun
is
A. one day.
B. one week.
C. one month.
D. one year.
A. one day.
B. one week.
C. one month.
D. one year.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.05
Topic: Solar System
20. The time needed for a planet to orbit the
sun
A. is the same for all planets.
B. depends on the size of the planet.
C. depends on how fast the planet rotates.
D. depends on the average distance of the planet from the sun.
A. is the same for all planets.
B. depends on the size of the planet.
C. depends on how fast the planet rotates.
D. depends on the average distance of the planet from the sun.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.06
Topic: Solar System
21. The speed of a planet in its orbit
A. is always the same.
B. is least when it is closest to the sun.
C. is highest when it is closest to the sun.
D. Any of the above choices, depending on the planet.
A. is always the same.
B. is least when it is closest to the sun.
C. is highest when it is closest to the sun.
D. Any of the above choices, depending on the planet.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Figure: 01.11
Section: 01.06
Topic: Solar System
22. Astrology
A. provides a scientific basis for planning our lives.
B. correctly predicts the future.
C. is based on the scientific method.
D. is nonsense.
A. provides a scientific basis for planning our lives.
B. correctly predicts the future.
C. is based on the scientific method.
D. is nonsense.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.07
Topic: History of Astronomy
23. The scientist who showed that gravity accounts for
Kepler's laws of planetary motion was
A. Newton.
B. Brahe.
C. Einstein.
D. Galileo.
A. Newton.
B. Brahe.
C. Einstein.
D. Galileo.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.08
Topic: Gravity
Topic: History of Astronomy
24. Gravity is not
A. a fundamental force.
B. responsible for holding the moon in orbit around the earth.
C. responsible for holding atoms and molecules together.
D. active throughout the universe.
A. a fundamental force.
B. responsible for holding the moon in orbit around the earth.
C. responsible for holding atoms and molecules together.
D. active throughout the universe.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.08
Topic: Gravity
25. Stars and planets are round because
A. a sphere is the most natural shape.
B. they rotate.
C. gravity forces them into this shape.
D. friction in space grinds them into this shape.
A. a sphere is the most natural shape.
B. they rotate.
C. gravity forces them into this shape.
D. friction in space grinds them into this shape.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Figure: 01.18
Section: 01.09
Topic: Gravity
26. If the earth were to revolve on its axis slower
than it does today, its shape
A. would be closer to a perfect sphere.
B. would be farther from a perfect sphere.
C. and size would be unchanged.
D. would not change but it would expand in size.
A. would be closer to a perfect sphere.
B. would be farther from a perfect sphere.
C. and size would be unchanged.
D. would not change but it would expand in size.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Figure: 01.19
Section: 01.09
Topic: Gravity
Topic: Rotational Motion
27. In most parts of the world high tides occur
approximately
A. twice a day.
B. once a day.
C. once a week.
D. once every two weeks.
A. twice a day.
B. once a day.
C. once a week.
D. once every two weeks.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 01.20
Section: 01.10
Topic: Gravity
28. If the earth had no moon,
A. there would be no tides.
B. there would be one high and one low tide per day.
C. the average tidal range would be smaller.
D. the average tidal range would be greater.
A. there would be no tides.
B. there would be one high and one low tide per day.
C. the average tidal range would be smaller.
D. the average tidal range would be greater.
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Section: 01.10
Topic: Gravity
29. Which of the following statements is true?
A. High tides are caused by the sun, low tides by the moon.
B. Low tides are caused by the sun, high tides by the moon.
C. The moon is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the sun's influence modifying the tidal range.
D. The sun is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the moon's influence modifying the tidal range.
A. High tides are caused by the sun, low tides by the moon.
B. Low tides are caused by the sun, high tides by the moon.
C. The moon is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the sun's influence modifying the tidal range.
D. The sun is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the moon's influence modifying the tidal range.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.10
Topic: Gravity
30. When the sun, the earth, and the moon are all in
line,
A. high tides and low tides are both higher than usual.
B. high tides and low tides are both lower than usual.
C. high tides are higher than usual and low tides are lower than usual.
D. high tides are lower than usual and low tides are higher than usual.
A. high tides and low tides are both higher than usual.
B. high tides and low tides are both lower than usual.
C. high tides are higher than usual and low tides are lower than usual.
D. high tides are lower than usual and low tides are higher than usual.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 01.10
Topic: Gravity
31. In the distant past, the length of the day
was
A. shorter than 24h.
B. 24h as at present.
C. longer than 24h.
D. impossible to determine.
A. shorter than 24h.
B. 24h as at present.
C. longer than 24h.
D. impossible to determine.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 01.20
Section: 01.10
Topic: Gravity
32. The British unit of length closest to the meter is
the
A. inch.
B. foot.
C. yard.
D. mile.
A. inch.
B. foot.
C. yard.
D. mile.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
33. A person is 5 ft 8.0 in. tall. This is equivalent
to
A. 173 cm.
B. 177 cm.
C. 207 cm.
D. 223 cm.
A. 173 cm.
B. 177 cm.
C. 207 cm.
D. 223 cm.
Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
34. The number of cubic centimeters in a cubic foot is
about
A. 1.7 ´ 103.
B. 1.7 ´ 104.
C. 2.8 ´ 104.
D. 1.7 ´ 105.
A. 1.7 ´ 103.
B. 1.7 ´ 104.
C. 2.8 ´ 104.
D. 1.7 ´ 105.
Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
35. The prefix giga stands for
A. 1,000,000.
B. 1,000,000,000.
C. 1/1,000,000.
D. 1/1,000,000,000.
A. 1,000,000.
B. 1,000,000,000.
C. 1/1,000,000.
D. 1/1,000,000,000.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
36. The shortest of the following is
A. 104 in.
B. 104 m.
C. 103 ft.
D. 0.1 mi.
A. 104 in.
B. 104 m.
C. 103 ft.
D. 0.1 mi.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
37. The longest of the following is
A. 1 mm.
B. 0.00001 km.
C. 0.01 in.
D. 0.001 ft.
A. 1 mm.
B. 0.00001 km.
C. 0.01 in.
D. 0.001 ft.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
38. A centimeter is
A. 0.001 m.
B. 0.01 m.
C. 0.1 m.
D. 10 m.
A. 0.001 m.
B. 0.01 m.
C. 0.1 m.
D. 10 m.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
39. A meter is not equal to
A. 100 cm.
B. 103 mm.
C. 0.01 km.
D. 10-3 km.
A. 100 cm.
B. 103 mm.
C. 0.01 km.
D. 10-3 km.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
40. The size of a picture is given as 84 cm by 255 cm.
Since (84)(255) = 2.142 exactly, the area of the picture is correctly expressed
as
A. 2.142 m2.
B. 2.14 m2.
C. 2.1 m2.
D. 2 m2.
A. 2.142 m2.
B. 2.14 m2.
C. 2.1 m2.
D. 2 m2.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Section: 01.12
Topic: SI Units
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